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The Big Thaw - Fast Vanishing Greenland Ice Cap Threatens Global Disaster
Posted on Wednesday, November 30, 2005 @ 22:57:09 UTC by rob
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Overtone writes: The Independent/UK 20 November 2005
Global disaster will follow if the ice cap on Greenland melts.
Now scientists say it is vanishing far faster than even they expected,
Geoffrey Lean reports.
Greenland's glaciers have begun to race towards the ocean, leading
scientists to predict that the vast island's ice cap is approaching
irreversible meltdown, The Independent on Sunday can reveal.
Research to be published in a few days' time shows how glaciers that
have been stable for centuries have started to shrink dramatically as
temperatures in the Arctic have soared with global warming. On top of
this, record amounts of the ice cap's surface turned to water this
summer.
The two developments - the most alarming manifestations of climate
change to date - suggest that the ice cap is melting far more rapidly
than scientists had thought, with immense consequences for civilisation
and the planet. Its complete disappearance would raise the levels of
the world's seas by 20 feet, spelling inundation for London and other
coastal cities around the globe, along with much of low-lying countries
such as Bangladesh.
More immediately, the vast amount of fresh water discharged into the
ocean as the ice melts threatens to shut down the Gulf Stream, which
protects Britain and the rest of northern Europe from a freezing
climate like that of Labrador.
The revelations, which follow the announcement that the melting of sea
ice in the Arctic also reached record levels this summer, come as the
world's governments are about to embark on new negotiations about how
to combat global warming.
This week they will meet in Montreal for the first formal talks on
whether there should be a new international treaty on cutting the
pollution that causes climate change after the Kyoto protocol expires
in seven years' time. Writing in The Independent yesterday, Tony Blair
called the meeting "crucial", adding that it "must start to shape an
inclusive global solution". But little progress is expected, largely
because of continued obstruction from President George Bush.
The new evidence from Greenland, to be published in the journal
Geophysical Research Letters, shows a sudden decline in the giant
Helheim glacier, a river of ice that grinds down from the inland ice
cap to the sea through a narrow rift in the mountain range on the
island's east coast.
Professor Slawek Tulaczyk, of the Department of Earth Sciences at the
University of California, Santa Cruz, told the IoS that the glacier had
dropped 100 feet this summer.
Over the past four years, the research adds, the front of the glacier -
which has remained in the same place since records began - has
retreated four and a half miles. As it has retreated and thinned, the
effects have spread inland "very fast indeed", says Professor Tulaczyk.
As the centre of the Greenland ice cap is only 150 miles away, the researchers fear that it, too, will soon be affected.
The research echoes disturbing studies on the opposite side of
Greenland: the giant Jakobshavn glacier - at four miles wide and 1,000
feet thick the biggest on the landmass - is now moving towards the sea
at a rate of 113 feet a year; the normal annual speed of a glacier is
just one foot.
The studies have found that water from melted ice on the surface is
percolating down through holes on the glacier until it forms a layer
between it and the rock below, slightly lifting it and moving it toward
the sea as if on a conveyor belt. This one glacier alone is reckoned
now to be responsible for 3 per cent of the annual rise of sea levels
worldwide.
"We may be very close to the threshold where the Greenland ice cap will
melt irreversibly," says Tavi Murray, professor of glaciology at the
University of Wales. Professor Tulaczyk adds: "The observations that we
are seeing now point in that direction."
Until now, scientists believed the ice cap would take 1,000 years to
melt entirely, but Ian Howat, who is working with Professor Tulaczyk,
says the new developments could "easily" cut this time "in half".
There is also a more immediate danger as the melting ice threatens to
disrupt the Gulf Stream, responsible for Britain's mild climate. The
current, which brings us as much heat in winter as we get from the sun,
is driven by very salty water sinking off Greenland. This drives a deep
current of cold ocean southwards, in turn forcing the warm water north.
Research at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute in Massachusetts has
shown, that even before the glaciers started accelerating, the water in
the North Atlantic was getting fresher in what it describes as "the
largest and most dramatic oceanic change ever measured in the era of
modern instruments".
Even before these discoveries, scientists had shortened to evens the
odds on the Gulf Stream failing this century. When it failed before,
12,700 years ago, Britain was covered in permafrost for 1,300 years.
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"The Big Thaw - Fast Vanishing Greenland Ice Cap Threatens Global Disaster" | Login/Create an Account | 3 comments | Search Discussion |
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Re: The Big Thaw - Fast Vanishing Greenland Ice Cap Threatens Global Disaster (Score: 1) by ElectroDynaCat on Thursday, December 01, 2005 @ 08:06:03 UTC (User Info | Send a Message) | The real curveball is that the thermocline in the Northern Atlantic is beginning to disappear. The warm water that makes for a mild European winter is being diverted south.
Europe will begin to experience Siberian winters and the growing season will shorten. Life will become unbearable to those used to European weather.
The next question is, where would 500 million people go in an already crowded world with limited resources? |
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GLOBAL WARMING EQUALS WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION (Score: 1) by vlad on Saturday, December 03, 2005 @ 21:58:00 UTC (User Info | Send a Message) http://www.zpenergy.com | U.N. CLIMATE CHANGE TALKS OPEN IN MONTREAL, November 28
Formal U.N. talks started Monday in Montreal, Canada, on how to limit
emissions of greenhouse gases after the Kyoto Protocol expires in 2012.
Full story at http://www.physorg.com/news8515.html
GLOBAL WARMING EQUALS WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION: SCIENTIST, November 28
The impact of spiralling pollution on the planet poses a threat to
civilisation just as catastrophic as much-vaunted weapons of mass
destruction, Britain's top scientist warned.
Full story at http://www.physorg.com/news8503.html
LORD MAY: SCIENTIFIC VALUES ARE THREATENED, November 30
England's outgoing Royal Society President Robert May of Oxford is
urging scientists to speak out against the climate change "denial
lobby."
Full story at http://www.physorg.com/news8593.html
STUDY: EUROPE FACES SEVERE CLIMATE CHANGES, November 30
A European Environment Agency report warns Europe faces devastating climate changes unseen on the continent for 5,000 years.
Full story at http://www.physorg.com/news8602.html
NOAA: AFRICA TO BECOME DRIER THIS CENTURY, November 30
A recent U.S. study reportedly predicts global warming will result in
Africa's dry regions becoming even drier in the near future.
Full story at http://www.physorg.com/news8595.html
TROPICAL ATLANTIC COOLING AND AFRICAN DEFORESTATION CORRELATE TO DROUGHT, REPORT SCIENTISTS, December 02
Against the backdrop of the Montreal Summit on global climate being
held this week, an article on African droughts and monsoons, by a
University of California, Santa Barbara scientist and others, which
appears in the December issue of the journal Geology, underlines
concern about the effects of global climate change.
Full story at http://www.physorg.com/news8692.html
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