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    Mechanism for the entanglement in Gabriela’s experiment
    Posted on Saturday, May 16, 2015 @ 19:47:03 GMT by vlad

    Science WGUGLINSKI writes: To: Dr. Marcel Urban, Dr. François Couchot, Dr. Xavier Sarazin, Dr. Arache Djannati-Atai, authors of the paper The quantum vacuum as the origin of the speed of light, published by The European Physical Journal D.

    http://arxiv.org/abs/1302.6165

    Dear authors,

    In your paper you propose a structure for the space, formed by charged fermion and anti fermion. However, as they have opposite charges, they have attraction, and therefore the fermion and the anti fermion would have to meet together, and annihilate one each other, as happens when a particle and its antiparticle meet together.



    In order to avoid this undesirable feature of the hypothesis of the structure of the space formed by particle and antiparticle, there is need to consider an additional repulsive particle, which involves the fermions and the anti fermions, and so it avoids they meet together. This is shown in the Figure 1 ahead:

    Image:FIGURE_1-_entanglement_Gabriela.png


    Let us assume that the photon is composed by a particle Q(+) and its antiparticle Q(-), moving with helical trajectory. This model of photon gives both the wave and corpuscular properties of the light. It also can be shown that from such model for the photon generates the Maxwell’s Equations.


    The particle Q(+) is composed by a number “k” of those particles e(+) shown in the Figure 1, and the antiparticle Q(-) is formed by the same number “k” of antiparticles e(-).

    As there is repulsion between the particles e(+), in order to avoid the repulsion within the particle Q(+) the particles e(+) are involved by a field of repulsive particles G. The same happens in the antiparticle Q(-), as shown in the Figure 2.

    Image:FIGURE_2-_entanglement_Gabriela.png

    The Figure 3 shows the structure of the photon, where the particle Q(+) and antiparticle Q(-) are moving with helical trajectory. The photon has a rectilinear displacement along the direction of the line LHC (the center of its helical trajectory).

    The particle Q(+) moves with circular motion in clockwise direction about the line LHC , while Q(-) moves in counter-clockwise direction. There is attraction between the particle Q(+) and the antiparticle Q(-), but they are immersed in an ocean of repulsive particles “G”, which avoids they met together and to annihilate one each other.

    Image:FIGURE_3-_entanglement_Gabriela.png


    An interesting experiment was made by Dr. Gabriela B. Lemos:

    'Quantum imaging with undetected photons

    http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v512/n7515/full/nature13586.html


    Let us see what happens when the particle Q(+) and the antiparticle Q(-) are constrained to be separated, exiting their partnership in the structure of the photon, and two new twin photons A and B are created, as happens in the Gabriela’s experiment.

    In the instant when Q(+) and Q(-) are separated, the particle Q(+) induces the creation of a new antiparticle Q(-), by extracting particles q(+) from the structure of the space. So, a new photon [Q(+),Q(-)] is formed. In that same time, the antiparticle Q(-) induces the creation of a new particle Q(+), and another new photon [Q(+),Q(-)] is formed. The two new photons are identical. They are twins photons.

    Image:FIGURE_4-_entanglement_Gabriela.png


    But note that the twins photons A and B are bound by a string formed by attractive particles “g”, as shown in the Figure 5, because in the instant of the formation of the two newborn A and B photons there was entanglement between Q1 & Q2 and Q3 & Q4 , due to the string formed by attractive particles “g”.

    Image:FIGURE_5-_entanglement_Gabriela.png


    From Figure 5 we realize that the total angular moment zero of Q1-Q2 is linked by the Entanglement 1, while the total angular moment zero of Q3-Q4 is linked by the Entanglement 2.

    So, when the photon A hits a surface and is annihilated, in order to keep the zero angular moment of the Entanglement 1 and also of the Entanglement 2, the photon B must be also annihilated, and this explains the result obtained by Gabriela Lemos in her experiment.

    As happens in the case of the Rossi-Effect, when we interpret the Gabriela’s experiment by considering the empty space of the Einstein’s Relativity, her experiment violates the energy-mass conservation, because the original photon used by Gabriela had an energy E1=(Q1+Q2).c² , while the energy of the two twin photons A and B is E2=(Q1+Q2).c² + (Q3+Q4).c².

    However, the total energy-mass in her experiment is not violated, because the energy E=(Q3+Q4).c² is extracted from the space, and therefore the energy of the space becomes negative, E=-(Q3+Q4).c² , during the time along which the photons A and B are not annihilated.


    In essence, the apparent violation of the energy-mass conservation in Gabriela’s experiment (when we consider Einstein’s empty space) is similar to the energy-mass violation in the experiment where flashes of light were created from the space:

    Something from Nothing? A Vacuum Can Yield Flashes of Light

    http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/something-from-nothing-vacuum-can-yield-flashes-of-light/


    Regards

    Wladimir Guglinski


     
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    "Mechanism for the entanglement in Gabriela’s experiment" | Login/Create an Account | 2 comments | Search Discussion
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    Spooky Quantum Action Might Hold the Universe Together (Score: 1)
    by vlad on Saturday, May 16, 2015 @ 19:58:42 GMT
    (User Info | Send a Message) http://www.zpenergy.com
    From Wired [www.wired.com] magazine: ...It is common to speak of a “fabric” of space-time, a metaphor that evokes the concept of weaving individual threads together to form a smooth, continuous whole. That thread is fundamentally quantum.

    Tensor networks could connect space-time froth to quantum information. Hannes Hummel for Quanta Magazine

    “Entanglement is the fabric of space-time,” said Swingle, who is now a researcher at Stanford University. “It’s the thread that binds the system together, that makes the collective properties different from the individual properties. But to really see the interesting collective behavior, you need to understand how that entanglement is distributed.”

    Full article: http://www.wired.com/2015/05/spooky-quantum-action-might-hold-universe-together [www.wired.com]



    Quantum-mechanical monopoles discovered (Score: 1)
    by vlad on Wednesday, May 20, 2015 @ 01:17:09 GMT
    (User Info | Send a Message) http://www.zpenergy.com
    Via NextBig Future: Researchers at Aalto University and Amherst College, USA, have observed a point-like monopole in a quantum field itself for the first time. This discovery connects to important characteristics of the elusive monopole magnet. [www.aalto.fi]

    The researchers performed an experiment in which they manipulated a gas of rubidium atoms prepared in a nonmagnetic state near absolute zero temperature. Under these extreme conditions they were able to create a monopole in the quantum-mechanical field that describes the gas.

    ‘In this nonmagnetic state, a structure was created in the field describing the gas, resembling the magnetic monopole particle as described in grand unified theories of particle physics. Previously, we have used the gas to detect a monopole within a so-called synthetic magnetic field, but there has been no monopole in the quantum field describing the gas itself. Now we have finally witnessed the quantum-mechanical monopole!’, enthuses Dr. Mikko Möttönen, Aalto University...

    Full article: http://nextbigfuture.com/2015/05/quantum-mechanical-monopoles-discovered.htm [nextbigfuture.com]



     

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