Curie temperature
Date: Sunday, October 31, 2004 @ 15:51:46 UTC
Topic: Science
Our civilization very often uses energy transformation that is always done with some percentage
Heat can be changed directly into electricity using MHD generators. Other available possibilities are the utilization of the well-known behavior of ferromagnetic materials at the Curie temperature. All ferromagnetic materials change their magnetic permeability at the Curie temperature. The following ferromagnetic materials Ni, Cu2MnIn, NdFeB, Gd, ... have a very low Curie temperature. We will call ferromagnetic materials with low Curie temperature active materials.
When the temperature of the active material oscillates near its Curie temperature we observe very big changes of the magnetic permeability (transition between ferromagnetic - paramagnetic). If that active material is a part of a magnetic circuit put in magnetic field we observe generation of electricity on the coil that is wound around the magnetic circuit. This is the basic idea behind production of electricity directly from heat.
Where to use which method depends on the business factor, namely the costs. In many cases there is overproduction of heat so why not to use the heat to produce electricity.
Another question is why not to use many methods together to increase efficiency. Right now we can find projects using two methods, for example MHD and conventional, together. Perhaps using three, or even more, methods together would be an even better solution. One of these methods can be the Curie System.
CURIE SYSTEM
The basic idea is to keep an active material (a ferromagnet with low Curie temperature) in temperatures oscillating around its Curie point. The temperatures should go over the Curie point and below.
If we put an active material in temperatures oscillating around its Curie temperature its magnetic permeability will oscillate too ? big changes. Then, if this active material is a part of a magnetic circuit with strong, constant magnetic field we will observe big changes of the magnetic field. These changes will generate electricity in the coil. So instead of trying to move ferromagnets inside a strong magnetic field and then outside (traditional electricity production) we keep it in the same position but change its magnetic permeability (ferromagnetic - paramagnetic changes).
CURIE SYSTEM II
Temperature fluctuations occur in all engines and especially in Diesel engines where the temperature increases during oil combustion and decreases during adiabatic decompressing.
This engine made from non-ferromagnetic materials has very small engine cubic capacity. Mechanical energy generated by the engine can also be used to produce electricity. Engines working in this way can generate electricity that will run another engine - an electrical one.
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